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Did you know? Spider silk is five times as strong as steel!
Spider on spider-web
Update by news editor   10-02-2012

Strong like spider silk

Scientists have discovered why spider webs are so strong

Scientists have discovered why spider webs are so strong. They found that some spider webs can withstand hurricane-force winds!

A spider's silk is very strong, but that's not the only important factor in a web's strength. The way the web is designed means that if a single strand of web breaks, the strength of the web actually increases. Pretty impressive from a humble spider!

What a clever material property! Imagine if we built objects that, when a bit broke off, the objects got stronger.

The discovery could be used to build aeroplanes or armoured vehicles that can keep working even if they become damaged. Computer network systems could even use the same idea to protect against virus attacks.

Scientists also found that spider silk can react differently to different types of forces. If a light wind blows on the web, the silk softens and becomes more flexible. The spider web can blow in the breeze without breaking.

But if a larger force is applied to one part of the web, the silk in that part of the web becomes stiff and one or two threads break. The rest of the web stays intact.

It takes a lot of energy to build a web. Their clever design means that if only a couple of threads break, the spider doesn't have to start building a whole web from scratch.

Also, spiders need their webs to catch food. If the web broke every time an insect flew into it, it wouldn't be a very good trap! Instead, the web is flexible enough to stretch when an insect lands in it, strong enough not to break and sticky enough to trap the insect.

 

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Strong like spider silk

Genetically engineered silk worms could provide medical help

A team of researchers think they may have found a way to produce their very own spider silk.

The scientists genetically engineered silkworms to spin silk that has spider silk proteins in it. The fibres ended up being much stronger than normal silkworm silk and almost as tough as spider silk.

It could be a practical way of producing lots of fibres that are very like spider silk for a variety of purposes.

Spider silk is five times as strong as steel! If we could get our hands on lots and lots of it, it could be possible to use it in medical treatments, like wound dressings, artificial ligaments or tendons.

But spider farming is not an option because the creatures are very territorial and tend to eat each other.

Instead, the research team studied spider genes and tracked down the genetic sequences that allow spiders to spin their especially strong and elastic webs.

They then inserted these genes into silk worms. Silk worms have been used for centuries to create silk for textiles and many other uses.

The result was worms that could produce fibres that were up to four times stronger than normal.

The next step for the researchers, who come from both China and the USA, is to engineer silkworms to spin silk that contains only spider silk proteins.

Other genetically engineered animals that have been created in the past include glow-in-the-dark cats and monkeys, anti-flu chickens, and spider-goats.

 

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Experiences & Outcomes

  • Through research and discussion I have an appreciation of the contribution that individuals are making to scientific discovery and invention and the impact this has made on society. SCN 2-20a
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